Skip to contents

Daily weather observations

Source: R/daily.R
noaa_daily.Rd

Returns daily weather data from the NCEI Daily Summaries dataset (GHCN-Daily). Common data types include TMAX (maximum temperature), TMIN (minimum temperature), PRCP (precipitation), SNOW (snowfall), and SNWD (snow depth).

Usage

noaa_daily(
  station,
  start_date,
  end_date,
  datatypes = NULL,
  units = "metric",
  include_flags = FALSE,
  include_location = FALSE,
  drop_empty = is.null(datatypes),
  cache = TRUE,
  refresh = FALSE
)

Arguments

station

Character. One or more station IDs (e.g. "USW00094728" for Central Park, NYC).

start_date

Character. Start date in "YYYY-MM-DD" or "YYYY-MM" format.

end_date

Character. End date in the same format.

datatypes

Optional character vector of data type codes to retrieve (e.g. c("TMAX", "TMIN")). If NULL, all available types are returned.

units

Character. "metric" (default, Celsius/mm) or "standard" (Fahrenheit/inches).

include_flags

Logical. Include data quality flags from NCEI (default FALSE).

include_location

Logical. Include station latitude, longitude, and elevation columns (default FALSE).

drop_empty

Logical. Drop columns that contain no data at all. Defaults to TRUE when datatypes is NULL, because an unfiltered request returns the whole GHCN-Daily element set as columns and few stations report more than a handful of them. When you name datatypes explicitly, every requested column is kept.

cache

Logical. Use cached data if available (default TRUE).

refresh

Logical. Ignore any cached copy and refetch (default FALSE).

Value

A data frame with columns including:

station

Character. Station identifier.

date

Date. Observation date.

name

Character. Station name.

...

Numeric. Data columns vary by station and request (e.g. tmax, tmin, prcp).

Details

Requests spanning more than one year are automatically split into yearly chunks to avoid API timeouts.

Station records vary enormously in how current they are. United States stations are typically complete to within a few days, while many international stations lag by months or have stopped reporting altogether. Use noaa_coverage() to check a station's record before relying on it.

See also

noaa_coverage() to check which elements a station reports and how current its record is.

Other weather data: noaa_annual(), noaa_monthly(), noaa_normals()

Examples

# \donttest{
op <- options(readnoaa.cache_dir = tempdir())
try({
  # Daily temperatures for Central Park, NYC
  noaa_daily("USW00094728", "2024-01-01", "2024-01-31",
  datatypes = c("TMAX", "TMIN"))
})
#> ℹ Fetching daily summaries
#> ✔ Fetching daily summaries [403ms]
#> 
#>        station                        name       date tmax tmin
#> 1  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-01  8.3  1.7
#> 2  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-02  5.6 -1.6
#> 3  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-03  6.1  1.1
#> 4  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-04  7.2 -2.1
#> 5  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-05  2.8 -3.2
#> 6  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-06  3.3 -0.5
#> 7  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-07  3.3  1.1
#> 8  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-08  7.2  2.2
#> 9  USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-09 13.9  2.2
#> 10 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-10 13.9  6.7
#> 11 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-11  8.3  5.0
#> 12 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-12 10.0  4.4
#> 13 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-13 15.6  1.7
#> 14 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-14  6.7 -3.2
#> 15 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-15 -1.6 -4.9
#> 16 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-16  0.0 -5.5
#> 17 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-17 -4.3 -8.2
#> 18 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-18  1.1 -5.5
#> 19 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-19  0.0 -3.2
#> 20 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-20 -3.2 -7.7
#> 21 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-21 -0.5 -6.6
#> 22 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-22  3.3 -3.8
#> 23 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-23  4.4  1.1
#> 24 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-24  8.9  3.3
#> 25 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-25 15.0  7.8
#> 26 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-26  7.8  5.6
#> 27 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-27  9.4  6.1
#> 28 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-28  6.7  2.8
#> 29 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-29  4.4  2.2
#> 30 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-30  3.3  1.7
#> 31 USW00094728 NY CITY CENTRAL PARK, NY US 2024-01-31  4.4  1.1
options(op)
# }